As part of the amended Federal Climate Protection Act (KSG) of 2021, the Federal Government has set itself the goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GHG emissions) by at least 65% by 2030 compared to the reference year 1990. By 2040, national GHG emissions are to be reduced by 88% compared to the reference year 1990 and net greenhouse gas neutrality is to be achieved by 2045.
The development of actual GHG emissions is offset by an ambitious KSG sector target for the transport sector. According to this, annual GHG emissions in the transport sector are to be reduced to 85 million tonnes of CO2 equivalents by 2030. With reference to the co-measures scenario of the 2021 projection report and supplemented by the measures of the Transport 2022 immediate action programme that have not yet been adopted, a cumulative compliance gap of 261 million tonnes of CO2 equivalents is forecast for the transport sector by 2030. Comprehensive measures are needed to close this gap.
One of the central building blocks for the transformation of the transport sector is the electrification of road passenger transport. The German government's declared goal is to increase the number of purely electrically powered cars to a total of 15 million by 2030. For this reason, the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Protection (BMWK), together with the automotive industry, has been supporting the sale of electric vehicles since 2016 through the "Directive to promote the sale of electrically powered vehicles (environmental bonus)", which is the subject of the evaluation.
Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI